REconciling sCience, Innovation and Precaution through the Engagement of Stakeholders (SP: Financial risks and urban waste planning)

Many European cities are facing the challenges of massively overhauling their urban water infrastructures. This is due to both the requirements of the European Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD), and the fact that most of their main water infrastructures were installed in the 19th century and now have an outdated structure (exacerbated by climate change, especially in coastal locations). We will focus on the specific role and risks of financial R&I in these city investments, and conduct a case study involving two cities (London, Milan).